How is the center of gravity (CG) determined?

The center of gravity (CG) is determined by calculating the total moment and dividing it by the gross weight of the aircraft. The moment is calculated by taking the weight of each component and multiplying it by its arm (the distance from a reference point, typically the nose of the aircraft). By summing all the moments (the products of weight and corresponding arm), and dividing this total moment by the gross weight, you arrive at the location of the CG.

This method is crucial because accurately finding the CG is essential for safe aircraft operation. An improperly balanced aircraft can lead to control issues during flight. By understanding how to calculate the CG using this formula, pilots ensure that their aircraft remains within the prescribed weight and balance limits, maintaining safe operating conditions.

Other methods, such as simply dividing gross weight or using margin of safety, do not provide the necessary relationship between weight distribution and balance, which is vital for determining the CG accurately.